First Responder Drug and Alcohol Treatment Resources

This may include experiencing unwanted and upsetting memories of the event, reliving the event, having dreams or nightmares about the event, and feeling extreme emotional distress or physical reactions to people, places and things that trigger memories of the event.

In an attempt to curb upsetting thoughts or traumatic memories, people affected by PTSD often avoid talking about the traumatic event or coming into contact with the people, places and activities that remind them of the event.

Because PTSD is an extremely distressing condition, it often brings about a variety of negative emotions and changes in perspective. These can include negative thoughts about oneself, hopelessness about the future, trouble maintaining close relationships, feelings of detachment from family and friends, decreased interest in former hobbies, and emotional numbness.

PTSD in police officers and other first responders can often lead to a state of increased arousal and anxiety. This may trigger changes in behavior, including engaging in dangerous activities; being easily startled; having trouble concentrating or sleeping; experiencing irritability, angry outbursts or aggressive behavior; or feeling an overwhelming sense of guilt of shame.

This is one of the most dangerous signs of substance abuse, as certain health problems can be fatal. Smoking certain substances can lead to lung disease or infection, while ecstasy and meth use can result in kidney failure. Stimulants can cause a heart attack or sudden death, and painkillers can lead to respiratory collapse, liver disease and heart problems. Alcohol abuse can also result in liver problems (cirrhosis) and heart disease, among other issues.

Different substances affect the body in different ways. For example, recent heroin use causes constricted pupils, recent hallucinogen use results in dilated pupils, and recent marijuana and inhalant use reddens the eyes. Certain drugs can also affect the skin and teeth. For example, meth can cause acne and dull skin as well as rotten teeth and gum disease (meth mouth). Various substances can also produce an increase or decrease in appetite, resulting in weight gain or loss.

Many individuals who abuse drugs or alcohol spend more time on their substances or addiction and less time focusing on their hygiene. This could mean they shower or wash their hair less than usual. They may also stop brushing their hair and teeth. Some even wear the same clothes several days in a row.

This is one of the most obvious signs of substance abuse. If your loved one is abusing alcohol, you might find bottles or cans lying around their house or in their car. Illicit drug paraphernalia might include syringes, spoons and pipes. It’s important to keep in mind that prescription drugs, such as painkillers (Vicodin, Percocet, OxyContin, etc.), may also be abused. One sign of this could be an excess of prescription bottles or constant requests for refills.

Different substances affect the brain in different ways, and some can result in memory loss. Anti-anxiety drug abuse (benzodiazepines) can affect short-term and long-term memory. Abuse of narcotic painkillers can also interfere with short-term and long-term memory, especially if they’re used for long periods of time.

While some prescription medications are completely or partially covered by insurance, other drugs are not, which can make substance abuse an expensive problem. If your loved one is abusing alcohol or an illicit substance, you might notice financial struggles. Does it seem like they’re always pressed and desperate for cash? Have you witnessed them asking someone for money on more than one occasion? If the answer is yes, look for other lifestyle changes, as they may be signs of substance abuse.

Losing interest in hobbies and social activities is a common sign of substance abuse. Many individuals who abuse drugs or alcohol prefer to do so in private, which means they isolate themselves from family, friends and activities they once enjoyed. In many cases, substance abuse results in depression, which is another reason to withdraw from social activities.

Abusing drugs or alcohol affects the brain, which can then affect behavior. You might notice your loved one acting secretively, hiding their interactions with new individuals, experiencing frequent mood swings and lashing out at random moments. If they’re unable to acquire their substance of choice, they may also become extremely frustrated, angry and irrational.

Being alert and performing well at work are key factors for a police officer, EMT, dispatcher or firefighter. Close calls in any of these professions, whether they be a seemingly careless mistake or a fragrant error, can be life-threatening for everyone involved. If you notice stark changes in behavior or attention to detail at work, it may be time to have a discussion about mental health and substances.

If you are concerned about a friend or loved one in the first responder field, discussing your concerns with them can be the first step toward helping them. Even if they are not ready or don’t realize they need help, having someone else talk to them about mental health and substance abuse can plant a seed for change.

Opening up about substance abuse or mental health is one of the most difficult and bravest things a person can do. If someone you know has chosen to speak to you about their struggles, it’s important to listen, reflect and offer open lines of communication. This doesn’t mean that you have to provide a perfect solution, but offering help in any way possible, even if it’s just hearing them out, can be beneficial for firefighter, EMT and police officer PTSD and substance abuse.

The road to recovery can be long, challenging and full of potential setbacks. This can be discouraging for everyone involved, including family and friends. But encouraging your loved one can be reassuring and keep them from giving up. For first responders like police officers and firefighters in action, support is especially important, as they need positive morale to successfully perform their jobs.

Although recovery from substance abuse or mental health issues is a personal journey, it helps to have advocates in friends and family members. Being an active part of recovery can be extremely helpful, whether you participate in family therapy sessions, avoid substances alongside a partner, or encourage others at work to open up about the emotional effects of the job.

Encouraging a first responder to seek help can be transformative, but sometimes it takes a little more than a simple nudge at home. First responders and PTSD too often go together in a cycle that can lead to substance abuse, addiction and denial. If you know someone going through this cycle, sometimes a mention is not enough to get them on the path to recovery. You can anonymously call several hotlines to learn more about how to help, or request information about treatment programs. The Recovery Village can help you find the right care for yourself or someone you know, including specialized programs for IAFF members. Your confidential call could help save a life.