Home Drug Addiction Drug Addiction Related Topics Addiction: The Elephant in the Family Room
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The side effects of addiction are not isolated to a single family member. It could be waiting to be picked up from school by a parent who never shows up or having to get a lawyer for a child charged with a DUI when they aren’t even old enough to drive. It could be having a card declined at the grocery store because a partner spent all the money at a bar.
Addiction is a family disease. In fact, 46% of adults in the United States claim to have a family member or close friend who is currently struggling with a substance use disorder (SUD) or has in the past. As a disease, is addiction passed on from generation to generation like heart disease or cancer?
In a study conducted by The Recovery Village, approximately 400 participants were surveyed to better understand the public’s perception of addiction and the family’s influence on addiction. Of those surveyed, 69% reported that they had a history of drug or alcohol addiction in their family. Another 29% agreed that if addiction runs in the family, they are more likely to develop an addiction.
Partners of someone with an SUD often play the family role of “provider.” Being in a relationship with someone living with an SUD most likely brings economic and psychological consequences. Money can become a huge issue for the couple. The partner with an SUD will use their own money to purchase their substance of choice, leaving their partner to take financial responsibility or use the couple’s joint finances, which can result in more problems for the relationship.
Psychological reactions to a substance use disorder may include:
In this dynamic, it’s important to recognize that both partners need their own form of treatment. Each partner’s recovery will ultimately affect both, so the couple should consider seeking a treatment facility that makes both of them feel welcome. Family therapy can still be an option for the couple, even if they aren’t actually married.
In addition to couples participating in treatment together, questions of codependency may arise. This topic has recently become popular in the field of addiction study. Groups like Codependents Anonymous (CoDA) have formed to help people with further assistance during treatment. CoDA defines codependency as being overly attentive to another person’s issues to the detriment of one’s own wants and needs.
Some examples of a codependent person’s patterns of behavior include:
Previously, “codependent” was most often used to describe the spouse/partner of a person with an SUD, but is now used to refer to any relative of a person with a substance use or mental health disorder.
Being the child of a parent with an SUD can be difficult. Children may feel responsible for their parent’s addiction or think that it’s their fault. They may have been exposed to illicit or illegal activities — like being present while their parent misuses substances or attending a drug deal.
Children who have a parent with an SUD endure long-term effects that include cognitive, behavioral, psychological and emotional consequences. One of the biggest developmental issues a child may encounter is learning to trust. When a parent has an SUD, it becomes difficult for a child to trust them. Effects of parental substance misuse on children may specifically include:
Having a parent with an SUD affects unborn children as well. Mothers who have an addiction and continue to misuse substances throughout pregnancy can cause numerous complications and detrimental long-term effects for their unborn child. Some of these complications may include fetal alcohol syndrome, neonatal abstinence syndrome and sudden infant death syndrome. When children become adolescents, a parent’s SUD can cause them to experiment with drugs themselves or manifest in other behaviors like skipping school. They are also at an increased risk of developing a substance use disorder themselves.
In these cases, the person’s spouse or partner is most likely going to take on the role of parenting the children. If both parents have an SUD, this role may shift to an extended family member, grandparent, neighbor or even foster parent.
When an adolescent develops an SUD, siblings may feel neglected. They may feel their needs and concerns are being ignored and minimized because their parents are constantly focused on and reacting to the sibling with the SUD.
Many families that have a child with an SUD also has a parent with an addiction. In some cases, the parent with an SUD may form an informal alliance or partnership with the child where they hide their disorders from the other sober family members.
In other cases, parents or other family members are in denial about their teen’s substance abuse or inadvertently enable them to continue using or misusing substances. This can allow addiction to develop or worsen over time.
Having a support system is critical to recovery from an SUD. Studies have shown a strong support group and resources can help people move from short-term abstinence to long-term sobriety. While providing encouragement, love and support are valuable ways to help someone in recovery, there are additional ways in which a family member or loved one can help someone in recovery from an SUD.
Some other ways family members and loved ones can actively get involved in a person’s healing process include:
Family and friends of a person with an SUD can also access resources designed for them, including:
There are also local-level support groups available for the loved ones of a person with an SUD. Community mental health centers, spiritual groups and volunteer organizations are just a few examples where loved ones can connect with others who have similar experiences, fears and hopes.
When a family member is trying to be a support system for a person with an SUD, there is a boundary between being supportive and enabling the person to continue with their addiction. Codependency can exist as an underlying factor for many families that deal with addiction. The codependent family member often isn’t even aware that they are enabling or contributing to their loved one’s SUD because it occurs so subtly.
It’s essential to know the differences between supporting and enabling a person living with an SUD. A supportive family member will do things like hold their loved one accountable, go to meetings or therapy with them and refuse to accept or participate in addictive behavior. Enabling behaviors can include things like giving the person with an SUD money to pay bills, taking blame to cover for their loved one or making excuses for them when they miss counseling sessions or other treatment appointments.
Addiction is a family disease. It affects everyone in the family in one way or another. At some point, the family must confront their loved one’s disease. In addition to individual therapy, it’s important that the family learns how to communicate and how to continue sober living once they are all in recovery.
Family therapy may begin at a treatment center, but sometimes it starts with an intervention. Family members can seek an intervention specialist to help them approach their loved ones, usually therapists, social workers, or other trained professionals. The family member often chooses a treatment center ahead of time, so they can begin family therapy sessions immediately following the intervention.
Family therapy is a critical aspect of addiction treatment, even if the person with an SUD is estranged from their family or has limited family contact. Discussions or communication with family members can uncover issues that can be relevant to treatment. It’s not necessarily important how many family members are present, but more so how they interact with one another.
Family therapy and communication are integral parts of the recovery process for people with substance use disorders. Having everyone in the family involved is important because each family member has likely been impacted by the addiction and has a role in the affected person’s life.
During substance use disorder treatment, family therapy usually consists of:
After treatment, we encourage you to continue seeking support in the community. Most communities have a counselor or family therapist that specializes in addiction-related issues. Family members and friends of a person with an SUD are also encouraged to seek support from other organizations like Al-Anon and Families Anonymous.
If someone you love is struggling with a substance use disorder, the addiction impacts everyone. Convincing your loved one to get help can be the first step to helping your family heal. Many of our helpful representatives are in recovery themselves or have loved ones in recovery. They can help answer your questions about treatment and help you get started on the path to recovery.
The Recovery Village aims to improve the quality of life for people struggling with a substance use or mental health disorder with fact-based content about the nature of behavioral health conditions, treatment options and their related outcomes. We publish material that is researched, cited, edited and reviewed by licensed medical professionals. The information we provide is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It should not be used in place of the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider.
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